Which of the following is a disadvantage of HFOV?

• A. Improved cardiac output
• B. Barotrauma
• C. Increased lung volume
• D. Enhanced oxygen delivery

Answer: (B)

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is a specialized mode of mechanical ventilation that utilizes smaller tidal volumes and higher respiratory rates compared to conventional ventilation. One of the primary disadvantages associated with HFOV is the risk of barotrauma.

Barotrauma occurs when there is an injury to the lungs caused by excessive pressure. HFOV operates at high frequencies, leading to rapid oscillations of air within the lungs. If the airway pressures are not carefully controlled, it can result in overdistension of the alveoli or lung units, increasing the risk of rupture, thus contributing to conditions like pneumothorax or interstitial emphysema.

In contrast, advantages such as improved cardiac output, increased lung volume, and enhanced oxygen delivery are benefits associated with HFOV when used correctly. These points highlight why barotrauma stands out as a significant concern in the management and application of this ventilation strategy. It emphasizes the requirement for careful monitoring and regulation of airway pressures during HFOV to mitigate potential risks.